Google Analytics provides many reports on Acquisition through which you can understand traffic acquisition (i.e. how you are acquiring users for your website):
Acquisition reports provide three pieces of information that are helpful for making business decisions.
From which sources are users coming to your site?
What actions are they performing on the site?
If you have set up any goals, how many conversions are taking place from each channel?
However, in order to understand the various Acquisition reports and the users’ acquisition in general, you would need to first understand what channels are and how they are defined in Google Analytics.
Without adequate knowledge of channels, you can not accurately interpret the various Acquisition reports in Google Analytics and consequently your acquisition strategy.
In order to understand channels, you would first need to know about various traffic sources, medium and campaigns.
Source (or traffic source) is the origin of your website traffic. It is the website from which people visited your website.
For example,
If people visited your website from Google.com then your website traffic source is ‘google‘.
If people visited your website from facebook.com then your website traffic source is ‘facebook‘.
If people visited your website from quora.com then your website traffic source is ‘quora‘.
Similarly, if people visited your website from tripadvisor.co.uk then your website traffic source is ‘tripadvisor‘.
People can also visit your website directly (via a bookmark or typing the website address in the browser address bar). In that case Google Analytics report ‘(direct)‘ as your website traffic source.
Whenever Google Analytics is not able to determine the origin of your website traffic, it is most likely to report ‘(direct)‘ as your website traffic source.
People can also visit your website by clicking on a link which is tagged with UTM parameters. In that case, Google Analytics will report the value of the utm_source parameter as your website traffic source.
For example, if a person clicks on the following link which takes him to your website (www.abc.com):
then Google Analytics will report ‘fbj2’ as your website traffic source.
This is because the value of the utm_source parameter has been set to ‘fbj2’.
utm_source- is used to define the source
utm_medium– is used to define the medium
utm_campaign– is used to define the campaign
To create your own URL, you can use a campaign builder tool to track custom campaigns in google analytics.
The source is simply users coming to your site from somewhere where they are searching for your services, and landing on your site from search engines, from social media or from other websites.
If they type your website URL directly in the browser, then the source is ‘Direct’.
Where can you find traffic sources in Google Analytics?
Different people can visit/find your website via different traffic sources.
Step-1: Log in to your Google Analytics account.
Step-2: On the left-hand side, click on the ‘Acquisition’ tab.
Step-3: Now, click on ‘All Traffic’ which is below the ‘Acquisition’ tab as shown below.
Step-4: Select ‘Source/medium’ from all traffic reports.
Step-5: Now select the ‘Source’ tab from the right-hand side.
Note: In Google Analytics, ‘source’ names are case sensitive. So ‘google’, ‘Google’ and ‘GOOGLE’, are all treated as different traffic sources in Google Analytics.
Medium (or traffic medium) is the category of the traffic source as defined by Google Analytics. It also includes traffic medium tracked via utm_medium parameter.
A medium can be system-defined or user-defined. So there are two broad categories of medium:
System-defined medium
User-defined medium
System-defined medium
A system-defined medium is a pre-built medium that carries a special meaning. This is a medium that is already defined/recognized by Google Analytics.
Following are the examples of system-defined traffic mediums in Google Analytics:
This report list all the traffic sources along with their medium in the first column.
You can see this list by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Source / Medium report:
In the case of google / organic, ‘google’ is the traffic source and ‘organic’ is the medium.
In the case of (direct) / (none), ‘direct’ is the traffic source and ‘none’ is the medium.
In the case of analytics.google.com / referral, ‘analytics.google.com’ is the traffic source and ‘referral’ is the medium.
How to read your Source/Medium reports
This report is the first thing that you need to look at to make informed decisions about your business, understand how your site is performing, and what are the pages that have the maximum number of visits.
Step-1: Navigate to the source/medium reports as we discussed in our previous steps.
Step-2: let’s select the last three months for our date range, this will give you what are the top primary sources for your business as shown below:
Step-3: From the image above, we can see that direct, google, partners and dfa are some of the top sources of traffic for our website.
Step-4: Now, to further analyze the reports, select google from the sources as shown below.
Step-5:Click on the secondary dimension, and search for the landing page as shown below.
Step-6: This report below, gives us the top landing pages that are driving traffic from Google.
This is how you can apply secondary dimensions and apply segments and understand the performance of your website using source/medium reports.
What is a Campaign in Google Analytics?
Campaign (or marketing campaign) is the name of your Google Ads campaign and/or custom campaign.
In the context of Google Analytics, a custom campaign is your website URL which contains UTM parameters.
Through custom campaigns, you can send detailed information about your campaigns esp. non-Google marketing campaigns to Google Analytics.
Following is an example of a custom campaign which sends detailed information about your Facebook marketing campaigns to Google Analytics:
#5 Conversions > Multi-Channel Funnels > Top Conversion Paths report
These reports let you analyze how different channels are working together to achieve conversions. It shows the full journey of users who are converting on your website.
You can see the list of all the custom campaigns which sent traffic to your website by navigating to Acquisition > Campaigns > All Campaigns report:
What are Google Analytics Channels?
In Google Analytics, a channel or a marketing channel is a group of several traffic sources with the same medium.
For example ‘organic search’ is a marketing channel. It can be made up of following traffic sources as long as the medium is ‘organic’:
google (as in google / organic)
yahoo (as in yahoo / organic)
bing (as in bing / organic)
aol (as in aol / organic), etc.
You can view channels in Google Analytics by navigating to:
#1 Acquisition > Overview report
The acquisition overview report gives a glance at how your top channels are sending visitors to your website. From the screenshot below you can see that organic search is driving more traffic to our website.
This report is generally used to compare the performance of different channels and analyze which channels are sending the highest quality of traffic to our website.
#2 Acquisition > All traffic > Channels report
This report lets you visualize how the traffic is distributed among different channels that are driving users to our website.
To use multi-channel funnel reports, we should have ecommerce and goals enabled in our Google Analytics account. This report shows how your marketing channels are driving conversions to your website.
#5 Conversions > Multi-Channel Funnels > Top Conversion Paths report
These reports let you analyze how different channels are working together to achieve conversions. It shows the full journey of users who are converting on your website.
Organic search traffic is the traffic your website got for free from search engine websites like google.com, bing.com, baidu.com, yandex.com, etc.
Organic search marketing channel (or organic search traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is ‘organic’.
For example, the ‘organic’ search marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
google / organic
yahoo / organic
bing / organic
aol / organic etc
Where can you find organic search traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find organic search traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Organic Search’ link:
Paid search traffic is the paid traffic your website got from search engine websites like google.com, bing.com, etc.
So traffic from Google Ads, Bing Ads, etc is an example of paid search traffic.
Paid search marketing channel (or paid search traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is one of the following:
cpc
ppc
paidsearch
and Ad Distribution Network’ does not exactly match ‘content’.
For example, ‘paid search’ marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
google / cpc
bing / cpc
Where can you find paid search traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find paid search traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Paid Search’ link:
Display Marketing Channel (display traffic)
Display traffic is the traffic your website got from display ads.
Display marketing channel (or display traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is one of the following:
display
cpm
banner
and ‘Ad Distribution Network’ exactly matches ‘content’.
For example, a display marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
expedia / display
tripadvisor / display
brightroll / banner
bbc / cpm
Where can you find display traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find display traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Display’ link:
Direct Marketing Channel (direct traffic)
Direct traffic is the traffic to your website which starts without a referrer being passed by a user’s web browser.
In the following cases, a referrer is not passed and hence the traffic is reported as direct traffic by Google Analytics:
A person visited your website by typing your website address in the browser address bar.
A person returned to your website via a bookmark.
A person visited your website from an app which does not send a referrer.
A person visited your website by clicking on a link in a desktop email client (like Microsoft Outlook) or an instant messenger (like Skype) or Microsoft Word document.
Whenever a referrer is not passed or is dropped because of technical reasons, Google Analytics is not able to determine the traffic source and the traffic source is reported as ‘(direct)’ by Google. In that case, GA sets the medium of the traffic source to ‘(none)’.
The Direct marketing channel can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the traffic source exactly matches ‘direct’ and the traffic medium exactly matches one of the following:
Where can you find direct traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find direct traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Direct’ link:
Referral marketing channel (referral traffic)
Referral traffic is the traffic to your website that starts with a referrer being passed by a user’s web browser.
Technically speaking, traffic from any website to your website is referral traffic (as long as a referrer is being passed by a user’s web browser).
But in the context of Google Analytics, traffic from search engines and most PPC/CPM ads (like Google Ads), is not reported as referral traffic.
The Referral marketing channel can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is ‘referral’.
For example, the referral marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
facebook / referral
tripadvisor / referral
bing.com / referral
Where can you find referral traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find referral traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Referral’ link:
You can also find referral traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Referrals report:
Social Marketing Channel (social media traffic)
Social media traffic is the traffic your website got from social media websites like ‘Facebook’, ‘Twitter’, ‘Linkedin’ etc.
The Social marketing channel (or social media traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the Social Source Referral exactly matches Yes or medium of the traffic sources is one of the following:
social
social-network
social-media
sm
social network
social media
For example, the social marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
Facebook
Pinterest
Instagram
YouTube
credit
Naver
Twitter
Where can you find social media traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find social media traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Social’ link:
Another place where you can find social media traffic is by navigating to Acquisition > Social > Network Referrals report:
Email Marketing Channel (email traffic)
Email traffic is the traffic your website got from email marketing campaigns.
The Email marketing channel (or email traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is ‘email’.
For example, the email marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
activecampaign / email
getresponse / email
actionetics / email
MailChimp / email
Where can you find email traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find email traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Email’ link:
Other advertising traffic is the traffic your website got from marketing campaigns which either used a user-defined traffic medium or the medium of the campaigns were not set.
The (Other) marketing channel (or other advertising traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is one of the following: cpv, cpa, cpp, content-text or the medium is defined by a user (via the custom tracking parameters ‘utm_medium’) or the medium is not set by the user (not set).
Note: The medium (not set) means, a user didn’t set the medium for his custom campaign via the utm_medium parameter.
For example, (Other) marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
twitterfeed / Linkedin
Growthackers.com / community
whos_blogging_what / newsletter
conversionBook / word-document
ABC user / (not set)
Here ‘linkedin’, ‘community’, ‘newsletter’ and ‘word-document’ are all user-defined mediums and hence they have been put under the ‘other’ marketing channel category by Google.
Where can you find other advertising traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find other advertising traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘(Other)’ link:
How to edit a Default Marketing Channel
First thing first. You should avoid changing the definition of a default marketing channel as this can skew your analytics reports for good.
But if you have to change the definition of a default marketing channel say ‘direct’ in GA then follow the steps below:
Step-1: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your main reporting view in Google Analytics.
Step-2: Under the ‘View’ column, click on Channel Settings > Channel Grouping
Step-3: Click on the ‘Default Channel Grouping‘ link:
Pay attention to the warning message you see at the top:
GA display this warning message for a good reason. Any change to the definition of default marketing channels, permanently changes how the new traffic is classified. However, historical data will not be affected.
Avoid changing the definition of default marketing channels unless you are absolutely sure what you are doing.
Step-4: Let us suppose you want to change the definition of direct traffic. You want the traffic coming to your website from your other website (say xyz.com) to be also treated as direct traffic by Google Analytics. To do this, click on the pencil icon, next to ‘Direct’ channel:
Step-5: click on the ‘OR’ button:
Step-6: Click on the second drop-down menu and then select ‘Source/Medium’:
Step-7: Type xyz.com / referral in the text box:
Here I am telling Google Analytics to record the incoming traffic as ‘direct’ traffic if:
System-defined channel is ‘Direct’
or if
the traffic comes from the website (xyz.com).
If I use the ‘AND’ logical operator here (by clicking on the ‘AND’ button):
Then I am telling Google Analytics to record the incoming traffic as ‘direct’ traffic if:
System-defined channel is ‘Direct’
And if
the traffic comes from the website (xyz.com).
Since this condition will always evaluate to false, Google Analytics will stop recording ‘direct’ traffic:
So be careful when using the ‘AND’ condition.
Whenever you are editing a default marketing channel, you need to be careful with the use of the ‘AND’ button. Its wrong use can easily skew your analytics data for good. These ‘OR’ and ‘AND’ buttons work just like the logical operators OR and AND.
Step-8: Click on the ‘Done’ button and then on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen.
Now going forward, your direct traffic will also include traffic from your second website (xyz.com). That’s how you can change the definition of a default marketing channel in Google Analytics.
Custom Marketing Channels (how to create a new marketing channel in Google Analytics)
Custom marketing channels are user-defined marketing channels.
To create a new marketing channel in Google Analytics follows the steps below:
Step-1: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your main reporting view in Google Analytics.
Step-2: Under the ‘View’ section, click on Channel Settings > Channel Grouping:
Step-3: Click on the ‘Default Channel Grouping’ link:
Step-4: Click on ‘Define a new channel’ button:
Step-5: Name your new marketing channel and define the rules for your new channel like the one below:
Here I have created a new marketing channel called ‘Optimize Smart Newsletter’ to track traffic from my newsletters campaign.
TIP: If you want to add more than one rule then click on the ‘OR’ or ‘AND’ button. These ‘OR’ and ‘AND’ work just like the logical operators OR and AND.
Step-6: Click on the ‘Done’ button and then on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen.
Now going forward, my default channel grouping will also include my new marketing channel called ‘Optimize Smart Newsletter’:
That’s how you can create a custom marketing channel in Google Analytics.
If you aren’t familiar with custom channels, it is always recommended that you don’t edit it and that you use default channel grouping.
However, if you are planning to make any changes to default channel grouping, then make sure that you are doing it in a test view and validate if the data is getting bucketed into the right channel or the way you want the data to be reported in Google Analytics.
After monitoring the data for a few days or weeks, then make the changes to the PROD view, as modifying the default channel will permanently change the data and it cannot be reverted back.
Also, take a backup of the default channel setting in one view, so that you can always go back to the configuration if the data is messed up in the reports.
Generic paid search traffic is the traffic your website got from the non-branded keywords you bid on in Google Ads, Bing ads etc.
The non-branded keywords are the search terms which does not include your brand name.
By setting up a generic paid search channel, you can get a better understanding of the performance of non-branded search keywords in terms of driving traffic and sales to your website.
Branded paid search traffic is the traffic your website got from the branded keywords you bid on in Google Ads, Bing ads etc.
The branded keywords are search terms which include your brand name.
By setting up a branded paid search channel, you can get a better understanding of the performance of branded search keywords in terms of driving traffic and sales to your website.
How to create Generic and Branded paid search channels
In order to reveal not provided keywords in your Google Analytics property, you need to use a tool like ‘Keyword Hero‘ and collect at least 30 days of keywords data.
Step-2: Navigate to the ‘Keyword View‘ of your ‘Keyword Hero‘ property:
Step-3: Navigate to Acquisition > All Traffic > Source / Medium report in your keyword view and then click on the ‘Keywords’ tab:
Step-4: Filter all of the branded keywords (including misspellings) and download the data into an excel spreadsheet.
Step-5: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your keyword view.
Step-6: Under the ‘View’ column, click on Channel Settings > Manage Brand Terms
Step-7: If you see a list of Suggested brand terms then click on the ‘Add’ button next to it one by one:
You should now see your suggested brand terms listed under the column ‘Active brand terms‘:
Step-8: Copy-paste the list of branded keywords from the excel spreadsheet into the ‘Enter Brand Terms‘ text box:
Step-9: Click on the ‘Add brand terms‘ button.
You should now see your keywords list under the column ‘Active brand terms‘:
Step-10: Click on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen. You should now see the following dialog box:
Step-11: Click on ‘Yes Set up now’ button. As soon as you click on this button, you will see the following dialog box:
Step-12: Click on the ‘Dismiss‘ button. You should now see two new channels named ‘Generic Paid Search‘ and ‘Branded Paid Search‘ added to your default channel grouping:
Step-13: Click on the ‘pencil’ button next to ‘Generic Paid Search’ channel to see how it has been defined:
Step-14: Click on the ‘Cancel’ button.
Step-15: Click on the ‘pencil’ button next to ‘Branded Paid Search’ channel to see how it has been defined:
Step-16: Click on the ‘Cancel’ button.
Step-17: Click on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen.
You have now successfully created ‘Generic Paid Search’ and ‘Branded Paid Search’ marketing channels.
Note: Make sure that Branded Paid Search and Generic Paid Search channels are above the default Paid Search channel in the Channel Definitions list.
Where can you see the generic and branded paid search traffic in Google Analytics?
In order to see the generic and branded paid search traffic in Google Analytics, navigate to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report in your ‘Keyword’ view:
Generic organic search traffic is the traffic your website got from the non-branded organic keywords.
The organic keywords are the search terms which generated free traffic for your website from search engine websites like Google.com, Bing.com, Yandex.com etc.
By setting up a generic organic search channel, you can get a better understanding of the performance of non-branded organic keywords in terms of driving traffic and sales to your website.
Branded organic search traffic is the traffic your website got from the branded organic keywords.
By setting up a branded organic search channel, you can get a better understanding of the performance of branded organic keywords in terms of driving traffic and sales to your website.
How to create Generic and Branded organic search channels
Follow the steps below:
Step-1: Make sure your Google Analytics property is not suffering from not provided keywords issues and that you are using a tool ‘Keyword Hero‘ to get not provided keywords data.
Step-2: Navigate to the ‘Keyword View’ of your ‘Keyword Hero’ property.
Step-3: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your keyword view.
Step-4: Under the ‘View’ column, click on Channel Settings > Channel Grouping.
Step-5: Click on the ‘default channel grouping’ link.
Step-6: Click on ‘Define a new channel‘ button and then create a new generic organic search channel with the following specifications:
Step-7: Click on the ‘Done’ button.
Step-8: Click on ‘Define a new channel‘ button and then create a new branded organic search channel with the following specifications:
Step-9: Click on the ‘Done’ button.
You should now see the two new channels added to channel definitions under ‘Default Channel Grouping’:
Step-10: Click on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen.
Note: Make sure that Branded Organic Search and Generic Organic Search channels are above the default Organic Search channel in the Channel Definitions list.
Where can you see the generic and branded organic search traffic in Google Analytics?
In order to see the generic and branded organic search traffic in Google Analytics, navigate to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report in your ‘Keyword’ view.
Frequently asked questions about Google Analytics Channels
Step-5: Now select the ‘Source’ tab from the right-hand side.
Note: In Google Analytics, ‘source’ names are case sensitive. So ‘google’, ‘Google’ and ‘GOOGLE’, are all treated as different traffic sources in Google Analytics.
Medium (or traffic medium) is the category of the traffic source as defined by Google Analytics. It also includes traffic medium tracked via utm_medium parameter.
A medium can be system-defined or user-defined. So there are two broad categories of medium:
System-defined medium
User-defined medium
System-defined medium
A system-defined medium is a pre-built medium which carries a special meaning. This is a medium which is already defined/recognized by Google Analytics.
Following are the examples of system-defined traffic mediums in Google Analytics:
organic
cpc
ppc
paidsearch
(not set)
(none)
social
social-network
social-media
sm
social network
social media
email
affiliate
referral
cpv
cpa
cpp
content-text
display
cpm
banner
User-defined medium
A user-defined medium is a traffic medium defined by people like me and you. You can create your own traffic medium by using the utm_medium parameter.
Here, ‘paidsocial’ is a user-defined traffic medium.
Where can you find traffic medium in Google Analytics?
You can see the list of all the traffic medium in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Source / Medium report and then clicking on the ‘Medium’ tab:
Note: In Google Analytics, medium names are case sensitive. So ’email’, ‘Email’ and ‘EMAIL’ are all treated as different mediums in Google Analytics.
What is Source/Medium report in Google Analytics?
The Source/Medium report is used to measure the performance of your traffic sources in terms of:
Organic search traffic is the traffic your website got for free from search engine websites like google.com, bing.com, baidu.com, yandex.com, etc.
Organic search marketing channel (or organic search traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is ‘organic’.
For example, the ‘organic’ search marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
google / organic
yahoo / organic
bing / organic
aol / organic etc
Where can you find organic search traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find organic search traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Organic Search’ link:
Paid search traffic is the paid traffic your website got from search engine websites like google.com, bing.com, etc.
So traffic from Google Ads, Bing Ads, etc is an example of paid search traffic.
Paid search marketing channel (or paid search traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is one of the following:
cpc
ppc
paidsearch
and Ad Distribution Network’ does not exactly match ‘content’.
For example, ‘paid search’ marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
google / cpc
bing / cpc
Where can you find paid search traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find paid search traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Paid Search’ link:
Display Marketing Channel (display traffic)
Display traffic is the traffic your website got from display ads.
Display marketing channel (or display traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is one of the following:
display
cpm
banner
and ‘Ad Distribution Network’ exactly matches ‘content’.
For example, a display marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
expedia / display
tripadvisor / display
brightroll / banner
bbc / cpm
Where can you find display traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find display traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Display’ link:
Direct Marketing Channel (direct traffic)
Direct traffic is the traffic to your website which starts without a referrer being passed by a user’s web browser.
In the following cases, a referrer is not passed and hence the traffic is reported as direct traffic by Google Analytics:
A person visited your website by typing your website address in the browser address bar.
A person returned to your website via a bookmark.
A person visited your website from an app which does not send a referrer.
A person visited your website by clicking on a link in a desktop email client (like Microsoft Outlook) or an instant messenger (like Skype) or Microsoft Word document.
Whenever a referrer is not passed or is dropped because of technical reasons, Google Analytics is not able to determine the traffic source and the traffic source is reported as ‘(direct)’ by Google. In that case, GA sets the medium of the traffic source to ‘(none)’.
The Direct marketing channel can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the traffic source exactly matches ‘direct’ and the traffic medium exactly matches one of the following:
Where can you find referral traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find referral traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Referral’ link:
You can also find referral traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Referrals report:
Social Marketing Channel (social media traffic)
Social media traffic is the traffic your website got from social media websites like ‘Facebook’, ‘Twitter’, ‘Linkedin’ etc.
The Social marketing channel (or social media traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the Social Source Referral exactly matches Yes or medium of the traffic sources is one of the following:
social
social-network
social-media
sm
social network
social media
For example, the social marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
Facebook
Pinterest
Instagram
YouTube
credit
Naver
Twitter
Where can you find social media traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find social media traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Social’ link:
Another place where you can find social media traffic is by navigating to Acquisition > Social > Network Referrals report:
Email Marketing Channel (email traffic)
Email traffic is the traffic your website got from email marketing campaigns.
The Email marketing channel (or email traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is ‘email’.
For example, the email marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
activecampaign / email
getresponse / email
actionetics / email
MailChimp / email
Where can you find email traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find email traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘Email’ link:
Other advertising traffic is the traffic your website got from marketing campaigns which either used a user-defined traffic medium or the medium of the campaigns were not set.
The (Other) marketing channel (or other advertising traffic) can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is one of the following: cpv, cpa, cpp, content-text or the medium is defined by a user (via the custom tracking parameters ‘utm_medium’) or the medium is not set by the user (not set).
Note: The medium (not set) means, a user didn’t set the medium for his custom campaign via the utm_medium parameter.
For example, (Other) marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources:
twitterfeed / Linkedin
Growthackers.com / community
whos_blogging_what / newsletter
conversionBook / word-document
ABC user / (not set)
Here ‘linkedin’, ‘community’, ‘newsletter’ and ‘word-document’ are all user-defined mediums and hence they have been put under the ‘other’ marketing channel category by Google.
Where can you find other advertising traffic in Google Analytics?
You can find other advertising traffic in Google Analytics by navigating to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report and then clicking on the ‘(Other)’ link:
How to edit a Default Marketing Channel
First thing first. You should avoid changing the definition of a default marketing channel as this can skew your analytics reports for good.
But if you have to change the definition of a default marketing channel say ‘direct’ in GA then follow the steps below:
Step-1: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your main reporting view in Google Analytics.
Step-2: Under the ‘View’ column, click on Channel Settings > Channel Grouping
Step-3: Click on the ‘Default Channel Grouping‘ link:
Pay attention to the warning message you see at the top:
GA display this warning message for a good reason. Any change to the definition of default marketing channels, permanently changes how the new traffic is classified. However, historical data will not be affected.
Avoid changing the definition of default marketing channels unless you are absolutely sure what you are doing.
Step-4: Let us suppose you want to change the definition of direct traffic. You want the traffic coming to your website from your other website (say xyz.com) to be also treated as direct traffic by Google Analytics. To do this, click on the pencil icon, next to ‘Direct’ channel:
Step-5: click on the ‘OR’ button:
Step-6: Click on the second drop-down menu and then select ‘Source/Medium’:
Step-7: Type xyz.com / referral in the text box:
Here I am telling Google Analytics to record the incoming traffic as ‘direct’ traffic if:
System-defined channel is ‘Direct’
or if
the traffic comes from the website (xyz.com).
If I use the ‘AND’ logical operator here (by clicking on the ‘AND’ button):
Then I am telling Google Analytics to record the incoming traffic as ‘direct’ traffic if:
System-defined channel is ‘Direct’
And if
the traffic comes from the website (xyz.com).
Since this condition will always evaluate to false, Google Analytics will stop recording ‘direct’ traffic:
So be careful when using the ‘AND’ condition.
Whenever you are editing a default marketing channel, you need to be careful with the use of the ‘AND’ button. Its wrong use can easily skew your analytics data for good. These ‘OR’ and ‘AND’ buttons work just like the logical operators OR and AND.
Step-8: Click on the ‘Done’ button and then on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen.
Now going forward, your direct traffic will also include traffic from your second website (xyz.com). That’s how you can change the definition of a default marketing channel in Google Analytics.
Custom Marketing Channels (how to create a new marketing channel in Google Analytics)
Custom marketing channels are user-defined marketing channels.
To create a new marketing channel in Google Analytics follows the steps below:
Step-1: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your main reporting view in Google Analytics.
Step-2: Under the ‘View’ section, click on Channel Settings > Channel Grouping:
Step-3: Click on the ‘Default Channel Grouping’ link:
Step-4: Click on ‘Define a new channel’ button:
Step-5: Name your new marketing channel and define the rules for your new channel like the one below:
Here I have created a new marketing channel called ‘Optimize Smart Newsletter’ to track traffic from my newsletters campaign.
TIP: If you want to add more than one rule then click on the ‘OR’ or ‘AND’ button. These ‘OR’ and ‘AND’ work just like the logical operators OR and AND.
Step-6: Click on the ‘Done’ button and then on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen.
Now going forward, my default channel grouping will also include my new marketing channel called ‘Optimize Smart Newsletter’:
That’s how you can create a custom marketing channel in Google Analytics.
Generic paid search traffic is the traffic your website got from the non-branded keywords you bid on in Google Ads, Bing ads etc.
The non-branded keywords are the search terms which does not include your brand name.
By setting up a generic paid search channel, you can get a better understanding of the performance of non-branded search keywords in terms of driving traffic and sales to your website.
Branded paid search traffic is the traffic your website got from the branded keywords you bid on in Google Ads, Bing ads etc.
The branded keywords are search terms which include your brand name.
By setting up a branded paid search channel, you can get a better understanding of the performance of branded search keywords in terms of driving traffic and sales to your website.
How to create Generic and Branded paid search channels
In order to reveal not provided keywords in your Google Analytics property, you need to use a tool like ‘Keyword Hero‘ and collect at least 30 days of keywords data.
Step-2: Navigate to the ‘Keyword View‘ of your ‘Keyword Hero‘ property:
Step-3: Navigate to Acquisition > All Traffic > Source / Medium report in your keyword view and then click on the ‘Keywords’ tab:
Step-4: Filter all of the branded keywords (including misspellings) and download the data into an excel spreadsheet.
Step-5: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your keyword view.
Step-6: Under the ‘View’ column, click on Channel Settings > Manage Brand Terms
Step-7: If you see a list of Suggested brand terms then click on the ‘Add’ button next to it one by one:
You should now see your suggested brand terms listed under the column ‘Active brand terms‘:
Step-8: Copy-paste the list of branded keywords from the excel spreadsheet into the ‘Enter Brand Terms‘ text box:
Step-9: Click on the ‘Add brand terms‘ button.
You should now see your keywords list under the column ‘Active brand terms‘:
Step-10: Click on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen. You should now see the following dialog box:
Step-11: Click on ‘Yes Set up now’ button. As soon as you click on this button, you will see the following dialog box:
Step-12: Click on the ‘Dismiss‘ button. You should now see two new channels named ‘Generic Paid Search‘ and ‘Branded Paid Search‘ added to your default channel grouping:
Step-13: Click on the ‘pencil’ button next to ‘Generic Paid Search’ channel to see how it has been defined:
Step-14: Click on the ‘Cancel’ button.
Step-15: Click on the ‘pencil’ button next to ‘Branded Paid Search’ channel to see how it has been defined:
Step-16: Click on the ‘Cancel’ button.
Step-17: Click on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen.
You have now successfully created ‘Generic Paid Search’ and ‘Branded Paid Search’ marketing channels.
Note: Make sure that Branded Paid Search and Generic Paid Search channels are above the default Paid Search channel in the Channel Definitions list.
Where can you see the generic and branded paid search traffic in Google Analytics?
In order to see the generic and branded paid search traffic in Google Analytics, navigate to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report in your ‘Keyword’ view:
Generic organic search traffic is the traffic your website got from the non-branded organic keywords.
The organic keywords are the search terms which generated free traffic for your website from search engine websites like Google.com, Bing.com, Yandex.com etc.
By setting up a generic organic search channel, you can get a better understanding of the performance of non-branded organic keywords in terms of driving traffic and sales to your website.
Branded organic search traffic is the traffic your website got from the branded organic keywords.
By setting up a branded organic search channel, you can get a better understanding of the performance of branded organic keywords in terms of driving traffic and sales to your website.
How to create Generic and Branded organic search channels
Follow the steps below:
Step-1: Make sure your Google Analytics property is not suffering from not provided keywords issues and that you are using a tool ‘Keyword Hero‘ to get not provided keywords data.
Step-2: Navigate to the ‘Keyword View’ of your ‘Keyword Hero’ property.
Step-3: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your keyword view.
Step-4: Under the ‘View’ column, click on Channel Settings > Channel Grouping.
Step-5: Click on the ‘default channel grouping’ link.
Step-6: Click on ‘Define a new channel‘ button and then create a new generic organic search channel with the following specifications:
Step-7: Click on the ‘Done’ button.
Step-8: Click on ‘Define a new channel‘ button and then create a new branded organic search channel with the following specifications:
Step-9: Click on the ‘Done’ button.
You should now see the two new channels added to channel definitions under ‘Default Channel Grouping’:
Step-10: Click on the ‘Save’ button at the bottom of your screen.
Note: Make sure that Branded Organic Search and Generic Organic Search channels are above the default Organic Search channel in the Channel Definitions list.
Where can you see the generic and branded organic search traffic in Google Analytics?
In order to see the generic and branded organic search traffic in Google Analytics, navigate to Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels report in your ‘Keyword’ view.
Frequently asked questions about Google Analytics Channels
What is ‘Source’ in Google Analytics?
Source (or traffic source) is the origin of your website traffic. It also includes traffic sources tracked via utm_source parameter. For example, In the case of google / organic, ‘google’ is the traffic source In the case of bing / cpc, ‘bing’ is the traffic source In the case of tripadvisor / referral, ‘tripadvisor’ is the traffic source. In Google Analytics, ‘source’ names are case sensitive. So ‘google’, ‘Google’ and ‘GOOGLE’, are all treated as different traffic sources in Google Analytics.
What is ‘Medium’ in Google Analytics?
Medium (or traffic medium) is the category of the traffic source as defined by Google. It also includes traffic medium tracked via utm_medium parameter. For example, In the case of google / organic, ‘organic’ is the medium. In the case of bing / cpc, ‘cpc’ is the medium In the case of tripadvisor / referral, ‘referral’ is the medium. In Google Analytics, medium names are case sensitive. So ’email’, ‘Email’ and ‘EMAIL’ are all treated as different medium in Google Analytics.
What is a Channel (or a Marketing Channel) in Google Analytics?
In Google Analytics, a channel or a marketing channel is a group of several traffic sources with the same medium. For example ‘organic search’ is a marketing channel. It can be made up of following traffic sources with the same medium called ‘organic’: #1 google (as in google / organic) #2 yahoo (as in yahoo / organic) #3 bing (as in bing / organic) #4 aol (as in aol / organic) etc
What are Default Marketing Channels?
Default marketing channels are pre-defined (or system-defined) marketing channels in Google Analytics. Following are default marketing channels in Google Analytics: 1. Organic Search 2. Paid Search 3. Display 4. Direct 5. Referral 6. Social 7. Email 8. (Other)
What is referral traffic in Google Analytics?
Referral marketing channel can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the medium of the traffic sources is ‘referral’. For example, the ‘referral’ marketing channel can be made up of following traffic sources: #1 facebook / referral #2 tripadvisor / referral #3 bing.com / referral
What is direct traffic in Google Analytics?
Direct marketing channel can be made up of any number of traffic sources as long as the traffic sources are unknown to Google Analytics.
Whenever a referrer is not passed or is dropped because of technical reasons, Google Analytics is not able to determine the traffic source and the traffic is treated as direct traffic by Google. In that case, GA sets the traffic source to ‘direct’ and medium to ‘none’.
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Himanshu Sharma
Founder, OptimizeSmart.com
Over 15 years of experience in digital analytics and marketing
Author of four best-selling books on digital analytics and conversion optimization
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Consultant to countless small and big businesses over the decade
